James Cameron wasnât near the penguins this time around, but he is extremely familiar with their environment.
âWhen I went to Antarctica myself, I had a Nikon still camera adapted to the cold with special lubricants,â he tells Popular Science. âI went to the South Pole and the film shattered in my hand when I tried to change it. The camera froze up. I took a video camera, I wrapped it in a heating pack and it [died] in two minutes. I have a good sense of what it takes to take conventional equipment into that environment and survive.â

BERTIE GREGORY
This time, the legendary director of Titanic, Terminator 2, the Avatar series, and more served as an executive producer for National Geographicâs three-part documentary Secrets of the Penguins. The latest in the award-winning series, Secrets of the Penguins represents the culmination of a two-year excursion around the world. Over 70 scientists and filmmakers traversed the globe from Cape Town and the Galapagos islands all the way to Antarcticaâs Ekström Ice Shelf to observe these iconic flightless birds.
On the Ekström Ice Shelf, a three-person film crew withstood a total of 274 days documenting a 20,000-strong Emperor penguin colony. The team captured never-before-seen footage there of chicks navigating drift ice, penguins using their beaks to climb out of a crevice, and even a bonded pair of adults appear to practice rolling a future egg using a snowball stand-in.
While Cameron didnât endure the subzero temperatures for Secrets of the Penguins, he still helped edit down the resulting hundreds of hours of footage into the new three-part series. And heâs grateful the team came prepared with more than just a Nikon.

âJust getting systems adapted to the cold and the heat in the tropics [required] cutting edge drone technology,â he says. âThey used the DJI drones which are very, very good for this type of thing. GoPro, Osmo, CanonâI mean, you name it.â
What particularly interested Cameronâhimself a pioneer in underwater and deep-ocean filmmaking technologyâwere the custom rigs designed to glimpse penguin colonies up close and personal.
[ Related: Poop stains reveal four previously unknown Emperor penguin colonies. ]
â[They have] to be able to get low and to move in amongst the penguins,â says Cameron. âItâs a personal acclamation. They have to get comfortable with some weird new thing in their environment, but after three days theyâre kind of over it.â
He also cites the need for lowlight cameras due to the Antarcticâs unique sunlight conditions.
âA lot of stuff for that liminal environment when the sun is just skirting along the horizon and eventually just goes. Youâre in kind of a constant twilight for a couple weeks,â Cameron says.

While Past Secrets of series entries focused on octopuses, whales, and elephants, Cameron says the themes are part of what sets this new series apart from previous entries.
âLook, you canât study penguins without bumping up against climate change⊠[but] thematically, we wanted to present the wonder of nature and not beat people over the head with a guilt trip about our behaviors as human beings,â he said. â[But] theyâre always being encroached upon, theyâre always being negatively impacted.
Although Cameron says they tried their best not to be âtoo Cassandranâ about the situation, he admits that the effects of warming temperatures were more striking than in previous seasons.

âPenguins live in these marginal coastal environments. Many are in Antarctica, and itâs being impacted. The polar regions are being impacted first and most strongly by climate change,â he says.
However, Cameron emphasizes the main aim of Secrets of the Penguins isnât despair at all, but hope.
âThe goal of the series is to take a new generation of viewers and cause them to have a sense of love and wonder at nature,â he says. âIf we respect nature and we respect its wisdom about how these animals have learned to adapt and survive, maybe that will influence our behavior when push comes to shove.â

For Cameron, the world is still full of people dedicated to conservation and the celebration of nature.
âI like to think thatâs the case, that weâre capable of that. I think many people are. Unfortunately, not enough people who are currently in power are,â he concedes. âBut you know, you never know. We do our best.â
Secrets of the Penguins premieres April 20 at 8PM EST on National Geographic, with all episodes becoming available to stream the following day on Disney+ and Hulu.